Relationship between religions, a subject which is always interesting to talk about religion are almost always gives the order (or associated) with the problems of conflict and dialogue, confrontation and cooperation, tolerance and intolerance, and war and peace. Similarly, to achieve the ideal of religious harmony is almost always referred to the issue of religion and peace, harmony can be achieved in conditions of war provoked by the feeling of any kind, including religious sentiment.
Religion as a social phenomenon, of course, will never be discussed and understood, finally, religion has always lived in human history, and over time. From time to time re-interpretation of religious experience which is sometimes used certain groups to defend their interests.
Murad W. Hofmann (2006), because the character is very concerned about the religion of peace, to try to include among the religions, in this case, Islam and Christianity, paving the way for dialogue, cooperation, and other options. During this period, the two religions together to maintain a strong suspicion, and often devastating blow up the conflict and the growth of conflict in inter-religious harmony.
September 11, 2001 and thereafter, a problem that ends the dispute between the religions. Thus, the phenomenon of terrorism is often associated with religion. This movement emerged in the world that has lost its security because of advances in science and technology since 1950. Together with the constraints of poverty, disease, and inhumane working conditions, the population explosion, the spread of AIDS, pollution and energy crisis that erupted on the surface. All this plague that makes people want to come to rely on explanations apocalyptic (Gilles Kepel, The Revenge of God: The resurgence of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in the Modern World, 1994).
Moreover, the fact of religious pluralism and the culture of religious people to do is convince the religious identity in the midst of other religions, which is also available. Religious pluralism has become a historical fact that can not avoid, deny pluralism means the prohibition of human existence itself. However, pluralism and difference (exothermic) religion is often a source of conflicts and tensions between religious communities. Even most religious people are still looking for other religions, the "superior" and "inferior."
If religion is considered "superior" and "lower", while conflictual relationships are inevitable. Most of the conflicts between religion and culture today is the result of aggression. For example, a lot of things happening in the Muslim world today, which is considered simplistic fundamentalism is an affirmation of cultural identity that had been considered inferior. The same applies to the various conflicts in the country, some (or perhaps completely) occur as a result of the humiliation and unjust attitude practiced a lot of people in other group even more.
Therefore, it is interesting to observe the thesis of Huntington (Clash of Civilizations, and received the Order of the World, 1996), which defines "civilization" as the largest group in the community that exceeds the difference of human species. A civilization is determined by common objective elements, language, history, religion, customs and institutions and by self-identified communities. Huntington states there are now seven or eight major civilizations in the world: Western, Confucian, Japanese, Islamic, Hindu, Christian Orthodox, Latin America, and "maybe" in Africa.
Huntington's theory to work towards a scenario of "end of history" post-World War international order based on the universal acceptance of the capitalist economic model, without changes to the next horizon of human history . The importance of Huntington's thesis is that cultural factors might be considered a very positive development.
So far, the relationships and conflicts between states are used are explained in terms of economic analysis. Political institutions arising from the economic power structure, economy and culture is in a sense, to the west, the market system to determine the general framework of values that should ideally be raised by its own independent culture.
Huntington, however, saw a seamless whole of civilization. Actually, not really the case. Some civilizations, such as the Islamic civilization, is determined primarily by religious revelation: while others, like Confucius, determined by the ratio of a religion that inspires them, and political power are less clear. Western civilization, the Catholic or the Protestant version of Christianity that are part of the cultural landscape, even if the Western world so divided by religious beliefs. Each civilization has different trends of thought, which follows the lines of recognition, and others followed the placement of the lines of the debate on the subject, who now lives in countries such as Turkey and Italy.
Therefore, rather than seen as a source of conflict between the relationship, differences in cultures and religions should be a source of expertise complement each other. The cultures and religions have different tools, intellectual, symbolic and existential provide specific vision of the reality of personal, historical, and cosmic, but he does not need to set up a display. Of course, their mutual enrichment is only possible if the different groups may hold limited through a constructive dialogue.
Dialogue does not mean betrayal, it meant the recognition of other perspectives and experiences of others in his honesty and consistency. It also involves the integration of a variety of valuable elements from other traditions without fear of losing their identity. In search of a possible human future, Westerners can learn from other cultures in the community sentiment, which could be a counterweight to Western individualism, or environmental practices in harmony with nature, which could balance the dominance Western philosophy.
The guarantee of peace between different cultures and civilizations is peace between religions. Major religions of the world call for peace, love, harmony, sympathy, justice, generosity, compassion and tenderness. Religions should not only teach nonviolence in their own community, but also the practice of a dialogue of understanding and all for one with other religions, and the defenders of freedom of religion, legislation that respects the freedom of conscience of every human being, and allows the practices of each religion in the historical territories of other religions. And religions should be able to agree on a set of universal standards of ethics to provide a basis for peace in the world, opening the door open to an inter-cultural and development policy based on respect and mutual non- nonviolence.
The battle for peace, day after day, was won in the different local situations. Cultural diversity is so scary, Huntington is a reality in many schools, the environment and the workplace, and all can be considered as a problem or something to enjoy. For us small profits dialogue, respect and compassion for "others" the seeds of a new multi-cultural democracy. It 's all still in its infancy, but it is a very important path towards peace in the world.
Religion as a social phenomenon, of course, will never be discussed and understood, finally, religion has always lived in human history, and over time. From time to time re-interpretation of religious experience which is sometimes used certain groups to defend their interests.
Murad W. Hofmann (2006), because the character is very concerned about the religion of peace, to try to include among the religions, in this case, Islam and Christianity, paving the way for dialogue, cooperation, and other options. During this period, the two religions together to maintain a strong suspicion, and often devastating blow up the conflict and the growth of conflict in inter-religious harmony.
September 11, 2001 and thereafter, a problem that ends the dispute between the religions. Thus, the phenomenon of terrorism is often associated with religion. This movement emerged in the world that has lost its security because of advances in science and technology since 1950. Together with the constraints of poverty, disease, and inhumane working conditions, the population explosion, the spread of AIDS, pollution and energy crisis that erupted on the surface. All this plague that makes people want to come to rely on explanations apocalyptic (Gilles Kepel, The Revenge of God: The resurgence of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in the Modern World, 1994).
Moreover, the fact of religious pluralism and the culture of religious people to do is convince the religious identity in the midst of other religions, which is also available. Religious pluralism has become a historical fact that can not avoid, deny pluralism means the prohibition of human existence itself. However, pluralism and difference (exothermic) religion is often a source of conflicts and tensions between religious communities. Even most religious people are still looking for other religions, the "superior" and "inferior."
If religion is considered "superior" and "lower", while conflictual relationships are inevitable. Most of the conflicts between religion and culture today is the result of aggression. For example, a lot of things happening in the Muslim world today, which is considered simplistic fundamentalism is an affirmation of cultural identity that had been considered inferior. The same applies to the various conflicts in the country, some (or perhaps completely) occur as a result of the humiliation and unjust attitude practiced a lot of people in other group even more.
Therefore, it is interesting to observe the thesis of Huntington (Clash of Civilizations, and received the Order of the World, 1996), which defines "civilization" as the largest group in the community that exceeds the difference of human species. A civilization is determined by common objective elements, language, history, religion, customs and institutions and by self-identified communities. Huntington states there are now seven or eight major civilizations in the world: Western, Confucian, Japanese, Islamic, Hindu, Christian Orthodox, Latin America, and "maybe" in Africa.
Huntington's theory to work towards a scenario of "end of history" post-World War international order based on the universal acceptance of the capitalist economic model, without changes to the next horizon of human history . The importance of Huntington's thesis is that cultural factors might be considered a very positive development.
So far, the relationships and conflicts between states are used are explained in terms of economic analysis. Political institutions arising from the economic power structure, economy and culture is in a sense, to the west, the market system to determine the general framework of values that should ideally be raised by its own independent culture.
Huntington, however, saw a seamless whole of civilization. Actually, not really the case. Some civilizations, such as the Islamic civilization, is determined primarily by religious revelation: while others, like Confucius, determined by the ratio of a religion that inspires them, and political power are less clear. Western civilization, the Catholic or the Protestant version of Christianity that are part of the cultural landscape, even if the Western world so divided by religious beliefs. Each civilization has different trends of thought, which follows the lines of recognition, and others followed the placement of the lines of the debate on the subject, who now lives in countries such as Turkey and Italy.
Therefore, rather than seen as a source of conflict between the relationship, differences in cultures and religions should be a source of expertise complement each other. The cultures and religions have different tools, intellectual, symbolic and existential provide specific vision of the reality of personal, historical, and cosmic, but he does not need to set up a display. Of course, their mutual enrichment is only possible if the different groups may hold limited through a constructive dialogue.
Dialogue does not mean betrayal, it meant the recognition of other perspectives and experiences of others in his honesty and consistency. It also involves the integration of a variety of valuable elements from other traditions without fear of losing their identity. In search of a possible human future, Westerners can learn from other cultures in the community sentiment, which could be a counterweight to Western individualism, or environmental practices in harmony with nature, which could balance the dominance Western philosophy.
The guarantee of peace between different cultures and civilizations is peace between religions. Major religions of the world call for peace, love, harmony, sympathy, justice, generosity, compassion and tenderness. Religions should not only teach nonviolence in their own community, but also the practice of a dialogue of understanding and all for one with other religions, and the defenders of freedom of religion, legislation that respects the freedom of conscience of every human being, and allows the practices of each religion in the historical territories of other religions. And religions should be able to agree on a set of universal standards of ethics to provide a basis for peace in the world, opening the door open to an inter-cultural and development policy based on respect and mutual non- nonviolence.
The battle for peace, day after day, was won in the different local situations. Cultural diversity is so scary, Huntington is a reality in many schools, the environment and the workplace, and all can be considered as a problem or something to enjoy. For us small profits dialogue, respect and compassion for "others" the seeds of a new multi-cultural democracy. It 's all still in its infancy, but it is a very important path towards peace in the world.
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